Adenomyosis
Adenomyosis is a gynecological condition in which the tissue that lines the uterine wall implants into the underlying layer of muscle, which can cause pain and heavy menstrual bleeding.
About Adenomyosis
Your uterus is lined by layer of tissue called the endometrium that is shed during menstruation. In adenomyosis, this tissue begins to grow past the uterine wall, into the underlying muscle layer known as the myometrium. As a result, menstrual bleeding may be more heavy and/or painful.
Symptoms of Adenomyosis
The intensity of your symptoms may vary, and some people with adenomyosis do not experience any symptoms.
Symptoms of adenomyosis may include:
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
- Serious menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea)
Risk Factors for Adenomyosis
While the cause of adenomyosis is unknown, certain risk factors have been linked to higher incidence of the condition.
Risk factors for adenomyosis may include:
- Health history: Adenomyosis is associated with a history of uterine surgery or of increased estrogen exposure, which can result from the use of oral contraceptives or tamoxifen, a high body mass index, or early onset of menstruation or short menstrual cycles.
Treating Adenomyosis at UT Medicine
The symptoms of adenomyosis can often be managed using hormonal therapy or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). In some cases, surgical intervention is necessary. Minimally invasive surgical techniques such as laparoscopic surgery or robotic surgery can reduce the pain and recovery time associated with your procedure. Your doctor will work with you to determine the best course of treatment.
